Inflammation is a biological defense system in tissue level against noxious stimulus. But if there is an excessive inflammation that is outside the range of defense system, it has a bad influence on body such as organ injury. So an excessive inflammation must be suppressed. In general, steroidal drugs and non-steroidal drugs are used as anti-inflammatory drugs. But some of these drags have strong side effects.

It is known that AHCC enhances biological immune system. On the other hand, AHCC suppress an excessive inflammation to maintain biological level. On the animal experimentation, for example, it has been reported that AHCC has suppressive effect on liver diseases and diabetes generated by pancreas inflammation. 

１）The suppressive effect of AHCC on acute inflammation

Dr. Yui et al (Teikyou University) reported as follows. The dead cell of Enterococcus faecalis, intestinal bacteria, was administered to peritoneal cavity in mice to make mouse peritonitis model, then afterward the number of peritoneal exudate cells was counted.

If there is an exceeding inflammation, there will be a lot of peritoneal cell accumulation. AHCC fed group accumulated less peritoneal cell number compared with control group, to suppress inflammation.

Moreover the TNF (tumor necrosis factor) level in plasma was reduced in AHCC fed group. TNF represents inflammatory cytokines. This showed to be suppressed inflammation in AHCC fed group.  Furthermore, the fat weight of peritoneal cavity was decreased and the leptin level in serum was increased in AHCC fed group. Leptin is a hormone both to control fat and to effects on immuno-biological defense system. So it is suggested that AHCC improve biological fat metabolism and modulate immune system by enhancing production of leptin.  (The 7th Symposium of AHCC Research Association, Aug. 1999)  (The 8th International Symposium of AHCC Research Association, Aug. 2000)

２）The effect of AHCC on cytotoxicity induced by calprotectin

Calprotectin is a protein in neutrophile. It is known that calprotectin markedly increase in serum of the patients who have an inflammation or in the body for it in the area where there is inflammation. When the cells are incubated with calprotectin, cell death is induced by cytotoxicity of calprotectin. However Dr. Yui et al (Teikyou University) reported that cell death was inhibited dose-dependently by co-culture of AHCC.

（The 7th Symposium of AHCC Research Association, Aug. 1999）

３）Clinical study

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease. At first, symptom is only arthritis, but born and joint are destructing in progress. Dr. Iwamoto et al (Medical Corporation Enzankai) reported that rheumatoid arthritis became quite better when the patient took AHCC to prevent the recurrence of cancer. Calprotectin is found in a large amount in the synovia of rheumatoid patients, and it causes the symptom worse. AHCC can improve the symptom of rheumatoid arthritis by suppressing of TNF production and inhibiting of cytotoxicity of calprotectin.

４）The protective effect of AHCC on the infectious disease

Opportunistic infection is usually result by the suppression of immune system, so it is a serious problem for cancer, diabetes and HIV patients. There are not so many therapeutic drugs to treat these infections at present. For example, fungi such as Candida and Aspergius, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA (Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus Aureus) cause opportunistic infection. It has been reported that AHCC has protective effect on the infectious disease.

Dr. Abe et al (Teikyou University) reported as follows. Mice were treated with cyclophosphamide as the anti-cancer drug to raise the sensibility to infection. Thereafter bacteria were inoculated intravenously to make the experimental lethal infection model. As a result of that, AHCC prolonged the survival time of C. albicans lethal infection mice by intraperitoneal and oral administration. The same effect was observedin P. aeruginosa and MRSA lethal infection model.

It has been reported that AHCC protect neutrophile decrease induced by cyclophosphamide. Because neutrophile was produced in bone marrow, Dr. Abe et al cultured bone marrow cells with AHCC or AHCC-treated mice serum, then added viable C. albicans into the culture medium and examined the capacity of bone marrow cells to suppress the proliferation of C. albicans.

As a result of that, AHCC did not show direct influence to bone marrow cells, however, the serum obtained from the mice treated with AHCC activated bone marrow cells to suppress the bacteria proliferation by reason that AHCC-treated mouse serum increased the number of neutrophile leukocyte in bone marrow cells. That is to sayAHCC-treated mouse serum enhances to suppress the proliferation of C. albicans by effecting on bone marrow cells. （The 7th Symposium of AHCC Research Association, Aug. 1999）

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